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Literatur und weiterführende Links (FOOD 18-21)

Literaturliste

Literaturliste zu Chrom

Althuis MD, Jordan NE, Ludington EA, Wittes JT: Glucose and insulin responses to dietary chromium supplements: a meta-analysis. Am J Clin Nutr 2002; 76: 148–155.

Anderson RA et al. Lack of toxicity of chromium chloride and chromium picolinate in rats. J Am Coll Nutr 1997; 16: 273–279.

Anderson RA, Kozlovsky AS. Chromium intake, absorption, and excretion of subjects consuming selfselected diets. Am J Clin Nutr 1985, 41: 1177–1183.

Anderson RA: Effects of chromium on body composition and weight loss. Nutr Rev 1998;56:266–270.

Bagchi D, Stohs SJ, Downs BW, Bagchi M, Preuss HG: Cytotoxicity and oxidative mechanisms of different forms of chromium. Toxicology 2002;180:5–22.

Bahadori B et al. Effects of chromium yeast and chromium picolinate on body composition in obese non-diabetic patients during and after a very-low-calorie diet. Acta Med Austriaca 1997; 24: 185–187.

Bahijri SM, Mufti AM. Beneficial effects of chromium in people with type 2 diabetes, and urinary chromium response to glucose load as a possible indicator of status. Biol Trace Elem Res 2002; 85: 97–109.

Balk EM et al. Effect of chromium supplementation on glucose metabolism and lipids: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Diabetes Care 2007; 30: 2154–2163.

Bartlett HE, Eperjesi F. Nutritional supplementation for type 2 diabetes: a systematic review. Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2008; 28: 503–523.

Bennett R et al. High-dose chromium(III) supplementation has no effects on body mass and composition while altering plasma hormone and triglycerides concentrations. Biol Trace Elem Res 2006; 113: 53–66.

Blasiak J, Kowalik J. A comparison of the in vitro genotoxicity of tri- and hexavalent chromium. Mutat Res. 2000;469:135-145.

Broadhurst CL, Domenico P. Clinical studies on chromium picolinate supplementation in diabetes mellitus–a review. Diabetes Technol Ther. 2006;8:677-687.

Bulbulian R et al. Chromium picolinate supplementation in male and female swimmers. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1996; 28 (Suppl.): 111.

Campbell WW, Beard JL, Joseph LJ, Davey SL, Evans WJ. Chromium picolinate supplementation and resistive training by older men: effects on iron-status and hematologic indexes. Am J Clin Nutr. 1997;66:944-949.

Cefalu WT, Hu FB (2004) Role of chromium in human health and in diabetes. Diabetes Care 27:2741–2751.

Cerulli J, Grabe DW, Gauthier I, Malone M, McGoldrick MD. Chromium picolinate toxicity. Ann Pharmacother. 1998;32:428-431.

Chen G, Liu P, Pattar GR, et al. Chromium activates glucose transporter 4 trafficking and enhances insulin-stimulated glucose transport in 3T3-L1 adipocytes via a cholesterol-dependent mechanism. Mol Endocrinol. 2006;20:857-870.

Cheng HH, Lai MH, Hou WC, Huang CL: Antioxidant effects of chromium supplementation with type 2 diabetes mellitus and euglycemic subjects. J Agric Food Chem 2004;52:1385–1389.

Clausen J. Chromium induced clinical improvement in symptomatic hypoglycemia. Biol Trace Elem Res 1988; 17: 229–236.

Dietary Reference Intakes: Chromium. In: A Report of the Panel of Micronutritients, Subcommittees on Upper Reference Levels of Nutritients and of the Interpretation and Uses of Dietary Reference Intakes, and the Standing Committee on the Scientific Evaluation of Dietary Reference Intakes. Ed. Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine, pp. 197– 223. National Academy Press, Washington DC, 2001

Gunton JE, Hams G, Hitchman R, McElduff A. Serum chromium does not predict glucose tolerance in late pregnancy. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001;73:99-104.

Hasten DL et al. Effects of chromium picolinate on beginning weight training students. Int J Sport Nutr 1992; 2: 343–350.

Hellerstein MK. Is chromium supplementation effective in managing type II diabetes? Nutr Rev. 1998;56:302-306.

Hermann J, Arquitt A, Stoecker B: Effects of chromium supplementation on plasma lipids, apolipoproteins and glucose in elderly subjects. Nutr Res 1994; 671–674.

Jeejeebhoy KN, Chu RC, Marliss EB, Greenberg GR, Bruce-Robertson A: Chromium deficiency, glucose intolerance and neuropathy reversed by chromium supplementation in a patient receiving long-term parenteral nutrition. Am J Clin Nutr 1977; 30: 531–538.

Kleefstra N et al. Chromium treatment has no effect in patients with type 2 diabetes in a Western population: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Diabetes Care 2007; 30: 1092–1096.

Kobla HV, Volpe SL. Chromium, exercise, and body composition. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2000;40:291-308.

Livolsi JM et al. The effect of chromium picolinate on muscular strength and body composition in women athletes. J Strength Cond Res 2001; 15: 161–166.

Lukaski HC, Siders WA, Penland JG: Chromium picolinate supplementation in women: effects on body weight, composition, and iron status. Nutrition 2007; 23 (3): 187–195.

Lukaski HC, Bolonchuk WW, Siders WA, Milne DB. Chromium supplementation and resistance training: effects on body composition, strength, and trace element status of men. Am J Clin Nutr. 1996;63:954-965.

Lukaski HC. Magnesium, zinc, and chromium nutriture and physical activity. Am J Clin Nutr. 2000;72(2 Suppl):585S-593S.

Martin J, Wang ZQ, Zhang XH, et al. Chromium picolinate supplementation attenuates body weight gain and increases insulin sensitivity in subjects with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2006;29:1826-1832.

Mertz W. Chromium in human nutrition: a review. J Nutr. 1993;123:626-633.

Milne DB: Laboratory assessment of trace element and mineral status. In: Clinical Nutrition of the Essential Trace Elements and Minerals. Ed. Bogden JD, Kleavy LM, 2000, pp. 69– 90. Humana Press, Totowa, New Jersey

Mooney KW, Cromwell GL. Effects of dietary chromium picolinate supplementation on growth, carcass characteristics, and accretion rates of carcass tissues in growing-finishing swine. J Anim Sci 1995; 73 : 3351–3357.

Pattar GR, Tackett L, Liu P, Elmendorf JS. Chromium picolinate positively influences the glucose transporter system via affecting cholesterol homeostasis in adipocytes cultured under hyperglycemic diabetic conditions. Mutat Res. 2006;610:93-100.

Pittler MH, Stevinson C, Ernst E. Chromium picolinate for reducing body weight: meta-analysis of randomized trials. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 2003;27:522-529.

Rabinovitz H et al. Effect of chromium supplementation on blood glucose and lipid levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus elderly patients. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 2004; 74: 178–182.

Ravina A, Slezak L, Rubal A, Mirsky N: Clinical use of the trace element chromium (III) in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. J Trace Elem Exper Med 1995; 8: 183–190.

Ravina A, Slezak L, Mirsky N, Bryden NA, Anderson RA: Reversal of corticosteroid-induced diabetes mellitus with supplemental chromium. Diabet Med 1999; 16: 164–167.

SCF: Opinion of the Scientific Committee on Food on the Tolerable Upper Intake Level of Trivalent Chromium, 2003.

Stearns DM et al.: Chromium (III) tris (picolinate) is mutagenic at the hypoxanthine (guanine) phosphoribosyltransferase locus in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Mutat Res 2002; 513: 135–142.

Thomas VL, Gropper SS. Effect of chromium nicotinic acid supplementation on selected cardiovascular disease risk factors. Biol Trace Elem Res 1996; 55: 297–305.

Uusitupa MI, Mykkanen L, Siitonen O, Laakso M, Sarlund H, Kolehmainen P, Rasanen T, Kumpulainen J, Pyorala K: Chromium supplementation in impaired glucose tolerance of elderly: Effects on blood glucose, plasma insulin, C-peptide and lipid levels. Br J Nutr 1992; 68:209–216.

Vincent JB: Recent advances in the biochemistry of chromium(III). J Trace Elem Exp Med 2003;16:227–236.

Vincent JB. The potential value and toxicity of chromium picolinate as a nutritional supplement, weight loss agent and muscle development agent. Sports Med 2003; 33: 213–230.

Voelker R. Cancer risk in dietary supplement. JAMA 1999; 281: 1480.

Volpe SL, Huang HW, Larpadisorn K, Lesser II. Effect of chromium supplementation and exercise on body composition, resting metabolic rate and selected biochemical parameters in moderately obese women following an exercise program. J Am Coll Nutr. 2001;20:293-306.

Walker LS et al. Chromium picolinate effects on body composition and muscular performance in wrestlers. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1998; 30: 1730–1737.

Wallach S. Clinical and biochemical aspects of chromium deficiency. J Am Coll Nutr 1985; 4: 107–120.

Wasser WG, Feldman NS, D’Agati VD. Chronic renal failure after ingestion of over-the-counter chromium picolinate. Ann Intern Med. 1997;126:410.

WHO, World Health Organisation. Trace elements in human nutrition and health (A Report of a re-evaluation of the role of trace elements in human health and nutrition). Geneva, 1996

Zha LY et al. Efficacy of chromium(III) supplementation on growth, body composition, serum parameters, and tissue chromium in rats Biol Trace Elem Res 2007; 119: 42–50.

 

Literaturliste zu Eisen

Allen RP, Barker PB, Wehrl F, Song HK, Earley CJ. MRI measurement of brain iron in patients with restless legs syndrome. Neurology. 2001;56:263-265.

Altamura S, Muckenthaler MU. Iron toxicity in diseases of aging: Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease and atherosclerosis. J Alzheimers Dis. 2009;16:879-895.

Anderson GJ, Darshan D, Wilkins SJ, Frazer DM. Regulation of systemic iron homeostasis: how the body responds to changes in iron demand. Biometals. 2007;20:665-674.

Andrews NC: Disorders of iron metabolism. N Engl J Med 1999;341:1986–1995.

Ascherio A, Willett WC, Rimm EB, Giovannucci EL, Stampfer MJ. Dietary iron intake and risk of coronary disease among men. Circulation. 1994;89:969-974.

Baker WF, Jr.: Iron deficiency in pregnancy, obstetrics, and gynecology. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2000;14:1061–1077.

Balducci L: Anemia, cancer, and aging. Cancer Control 2003;10:478–486.

Beard JL. Iron biology in immune function, muscle metabolism and neuronal functioning. J Nutr. 2001;131:568S-579S.

Beguin Y: Soluble transferrin receptor for the evaluation of erythropoiesis and iron status. Clin Chim Acta 2003;329:9–22.

Benarroch EE. Brain iron homeostasis and neurodegenerative disease. Neurology. 2009;72:1436-1440.

Berglund S, Westrup B, Domellöf M. Iron supplements reduce the risk of iron deficiency anemia in marginally low birth weight infants. Pediatrics 2010; 126: 874–883.

Berkovitch M, Matsui D, Lamm SH, Rosa F, Koren G: Recent increases in numbers and risk of fatalities in young children ingesting iron preparations. Vet Hum Toxicol 1994;36:53–55.

Brigham D, Beard J: Iron and thermoregulation: A review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 1996;36:747–763.

Brise H: Influence of meals on iron Resorption in oral iron therapy. Acta Med Scand 1962;171 (Suppl 376):39–45.

Brock JH: Benefits and dangers of iron during infection. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 1999;2:507–510.

Brugnara C: Reticulocyte cellular indices: A new approach in the diagnosis of anemias and monitoring of erythropoietic function. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2000;37:93–130.

Bulaj ZJ, Phillips JD, Ajioka RS, Franklin MR, Griffen LM, Guinee DJ, Edwards CQ, Kushner JP: Hemochromatosis genes and other factors contributing to the pathogenesis of porphyria cutanea tarda. Blood 2000; 95:1565–1571.

Cavill I: Intravenous iron as adjuvant therapy: A two-edged sword? Nephrol Dial Transplant 2003;18 Suppl 8:24–28.

Conrad ME, Umbreit JN: Pathways of iron Resorption. Blood Cells Mol 2002; Dis 29:336–355.

Danesh J, Appleby P. Coronary heart disease and iron status: meta-analyses of prospective studies. Circulation. 1999;99:852-854.

de Valk B, Marx JJ. Iron, atherosclerosis, and ischemic heart disease. Arch Intern Med. 1999;159(14):1542-1548.

Earley CJ, Connor JR, Beard JL, Malecki EA, Epstein DK, Allen RP: Abnormalities in CSF concentrations of ferritin and transferrin in restless legs syndrome. Neurology 2000;54:1698-1700.

Earley CJ: Clinical practice. Restless legs syndrome. N Engl J Med 2003;348:2103–2109.

Fairweather-Tait SJ: Iron. J Nutr 2001;131:1383S– 1386S.

Feder JN, Gnirke A, Thomas W, et al. A novel MHC class I-like gene is mutated in patients with hereditary haemochromatosis. Nat Genet. 1996;13:399-408.

Fleming DJ, Jacques PF, Tucker KL, et al. Iron status of the free-living, elderly Framingham Heart Study cohort: an iron-replete population with a high prevalence of elevated iron stores. Am J Clin Nutr. 2001;73:638-646.

Fleming MD. The regulation of hepcidin and its effects on systemic and cellular iron metabolism. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2008:151-158.

Ganz T: Hepcidin in iron metabolism. Curr Opin Hematol 2004;11:251–254.

Gera T, Sachdev HP: Effect of iron supplementation on incidence of infectious illness in children: Systematic review. BMJ 2002;325:1142.

Grantham-McGregor S, Ani C. A review of studies on the effect of iron deficiency on cognitive development in children. J Nutr. 2001;131:649S-666S.

Haas JD, Brownlie T: Iron deficiency and reduced work capacity: A critical review of the research to determine a causal relationship. J Nutr 2001; 131:676S–688S.

Haile DJ: Regulation of genes of iron metabolism by the iron-response proteins. Am J Med Sci 1999; 318:230–240.

Hallberg L, Hulthen L: Prediction of dietary iron Resorption: an algorithm for calculating Resorption and bioavailability of dietary iron. Am J Clin Nutr 2000; 71:1147–1160.

Hernandez C, Lecube A, Carrera A, Simo R. Soluble transferrin receptors and ferritin in Type 2 diabetic patients. Diabet Med. 2005;22(1):97-101.

Hurrell RF: Bioavailability of iron. Eur J Clin Nutr 1997;51 Suppl 1:S4–S8.

Janssen MC, Swinkels DW. Hereditary haemochromatosis. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2009;23:171-183.

Jehn M, Clark JM, Guallar E. Serum ferritin and risk of the metabolic syndrome in US adults. Diabetes Care 2004;27:2422-2428.

Jiang R, Manson JE, Meigs JB, Ma J, Rifai N, Hu FB. Body iron stores in relation to risk of type 2 diabetes in apparently healthy women. JAMA 2004;291:711-717.

Kato I, Dnistrian AM, Schwartz M, et al. Iron intake, body iron stores and colorectal cancer risk in women: a nested case-control study. Int J Cancer. 1999;80:693-698.

Kaur D, Andersen JK: Ironing out Parkinson’s disease: Is therapeutic treatment with iron chelators a real possibility? Aging Cell 2002; 1:17–21.

Ke Y, Ming Qian Z: Iron misregulation in the brain: A primary cause of neurodegenerative disorders. Lancet Neurol 2003;2:246–253.

Kemp JD, Thorson JA, McAlmont TH, Horowitz M, Cowdery JS, Ballas ZK: Role of the transferrin receptor in lymphocyte growth: A rat IgG monoclonal antibody against the murine transferrin receptor produces highly selective inhibition of T and B cell activation protocols. J Immunol 1987;138:2422–2426.

Klipstein-Grobusch K, Grobbee DE, den Breeijen JH, Boeing H, Hofman A, Witteman JC. Dietary iron and risk of myocardial infarction in the Rotterdam Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1999;149(5):421-428.

Kruszewski M: Labile iron pool: The main determinant of cellular response to oxidative stress. Mutat Res 2003;531:81–92.

Lieu PT, Heiskala M, Peterson PA, Yang Y: The roles of iron in health and disease. Mol Aspects Med 2001;22:1–87.

Locatelli F, Aljama P, Barany P, Canaud B, Carrera F, Eckardt KU, Horl WH, Macdougal IC, Macleod A, Wiecek A, Cameron S: Revised European best practice guidelines for the management of anaemia in patients with chronic renal failure. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2004; 19 Suppl 2:1–47

Lovell MA, Robertson JD, Teesdale WJ, Campbell JL, Markesbery WR: Copper, iron and zinc in Alzheimer’s disease senile plaques. J Neurol Sci 1998;158:47–52.

Lozoff B. Iron deficiency and child development. Food Nutr Bull. 2007;28(4 Suppl):560-571.

Ludwiczek S, Aigner E, Theurl I, Weiss G: Cytokine-mediated regulation of iron transport in human monocytic cells. Blood 2003;101:4148–4154.

Lynch SR. Interaction of iron with other nutrients. Nutr Rev. 1997;55:102-110.

Mahomed K: Iron and folate supplementation in pregnancy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000a CD001135

Mahomed K: Iron supplementation in pregnancy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2000b CD000117

McCann JC, Ames BN. An overview of evidence for a causal relation between iron deficiency during development and deficits in cognitive or behavioral function. Am J Clin Nutr 2007;85:931-945.

McCord JM: Iron, free radicals, and oxidative injury. Semin Hematol 1998;35:5–12.

Miret S, Simpson RJ, McKie AT: Physiology and molecular biology of dietary iron resorption. Annu Rev Nutr 2003;23:283–301.

Muckenthaler MU. Fine tuning of hepcidin expression by positive and negative regulators. Cell Metab 2008;8:1-3.

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Working Group on Restless Legs Syndrome. Restless legs syndrome: detection and management in primary care. Am Fam Physician 2000;62:108-114.

Nicolas G, Bennoun M, Devaux I, et al. Lack of hepcidin gene expression and severe tissue iron overload in upstream stimulatory factor 2 (USF2) knockout mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2001;98:8780-8785

Nicolas G, Bennoun M, Porteu A, et al. Severe iron deficiency anemia in transgenic mice expressing liver hepcidin. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2002;99:4596-4601.

Nielsen P, Nachtigall D: Iron supplementation in athletes. Current recommendations. Sports Med 1998;26:207–216.

O’Keeffe ST, Noel J, Lavan JN: Restless legs syndrome in the elderly. Postgrad Med 1993; J 69:701–703.

Oppenheimer SJ. Iron and its relation to immunity and infectious disease. J Nutr. 2001;131:616S-633S.

Pandolfo M: Friedreich ataxia. Semin Pediatr Neurol 2003;10:163–172.

Papanikolaou G, Pantopoulos K: Iron metabolism and toxicity. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2005;202:199–211.

Perry G, Sayre LM, Atwood CS, Castellani RJ, Cash AD, Rottkamp CA, Smith MA: The role of iron and copper in the aetiology of neurodegenerative disorders: therapeutic implications. CNS Drugs 2002;16:339–352.

Picciano MF: Pregnancy and lactation: Physiological adjustments, nutritional requirements and the role of dietary supplements. J Nutr 2003; 133:1997S–2002S.

Pinero DJ, Hu J, Connor JR. Alterations in the interaction between iron regulatory proteins and their iron-responsive element in normal and Alzheimer’s diseased brains. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2000;46(4):761-776.

Rasmussen K. Is There a Causal Relationship between Iron Deficiency or Iron-Deficiency Anemia and Weight at Birth, Length of Gestation and Perinatal Mortality? J Nutr. 2001;131(2S-2):590S-601S.

Sachdev H, Gera T, Nestel P. Effect of iron supplementation on mental and motor development in children: systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Public Health Nutr. 2005;8:117-132.

Sayre LM, Perry G, Atwood CS, Smith MA. The role of metals in neurodegenerative diseases. Cell Mol Biol. 2000;46:731-741.

Schols L, Meyer C, Schmid G, Wilhelms I, Przuntek H: Therapeutic strategies in Friedreich’s ataxia. J Neural Transm Suppl 2004;135– 145.

Shaskey DJ, Green GA: Sports haematology. Sports Med 2000;29:27–38.

Sherman PM, Macarthur C. Current controversies associated with Helicobacter pylori infection in the pediatric population. Front Biosci. 2001;6:E187-192.

Srigiridhar K, Nair KM (2000) Supplementation with alpha-tocopherol or a combination of alpha- tocopherol and ascorbic acid protects the gastrointestinal tract of iron-deficient rats against iron-induced oxidative damage during iron repletion. Br J Nutr 84:165–173.

Suharno D, West CE, Muhilal, Karyadi D, Hautvast JG. Supplementation with vitamin A and iron for nutritional anaemia in pregnant women in West Java, Indonesia. Lancet. 1993;342(8883):1325-1328.

Sunder-Plassmann G, Patruta SI, Horl WH: Pathobiology of the role of iron in infection. Am J Kidney Dis 1999; 34:S25–S29.

Swaminathan S, Fonseca VA, Alam MG, Shah SV. The role of iron in diabetes and its complications. Diabetes Care. 2007;30:1926-1933.

Teraguchi S, Wakabayashi H, Kuwata H, Yamauchi K, Tamura Y: Protection against infections by oral lactoferrin: Evaluation in animal models. Biometals 2004;17:231–234.

Teucher B, Olivares M, Cori H: Enhancers of iron Resorption: Ascorbic acid and other organic acids. Int J Vitam Nutr Res 2004; 74:403– 419.

Thomas DG, Grant SL, Aubuchon-Endsley NL. The role of iron in neurocognitive development. Dev Neuropsychol 2009;34:196-222.

Thomas M, Jankovic J: Neurodegenerative disease and iron storage in the brain. Curr Opin Neurol 2004; 17:437–442.

Thompson KJ, Shoham S, Connor JR: Iron and neurodegenerative disorders. Brain Res Bull 2001; 55:155–164.

Todorich BM, Connor JR: Redox metals in Alzheimer’s disease. Ann NY Acad Sci 2004; 1012: 171–178.

Torti FM, Torti SV: Regulation of ferritin genes and protein. Blood 2002; 99:3505–3516.

Tuomainen TP, Nyyssonen K, Salonen R, Tervahauta A, Korpela H, Lakka T, Kaplan GA, Salonen JT: Body iron stores are associated with serum insulin and blood glucose concentrations. Population study in 1,013 eastern Finnish men. Diabetes Care 1997;20:426–428.

Wallander ML, Leibold EA, Eisenstein RS. Molecular control of vertebrate iron homeostasis by iron regulatory proteins. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2006;1763:668-689.

Weaver CM, Rajaram S: Exercise and iron status. J Nutr 1992;122:782–787.

Wright RO, Tsaih SW, Schwartz J, Wright RJ, Hu H: Association between iron deficiency and blood lead level in a longitudinal analysis of children followed in an urban primary care clinic. J Pediatr 2003; 142:9–14.

Wright RO. The role of iron therapy in childhood plumbism. Curr Opin Pediatr. 1999;11:255-258.

Wurzelmann JI, Silver A, Schreinemachers DM, Sandler RS, Everson RB. Iron intake and the risk of colorectal cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 1996;5:503-507

Yip R: Significance of an abnormally low or high hemoglobin concentration during pregnancy: Special consideration of iron nutrition. Am J Clin Nutr 2000;72:272S–279S.

Zecca L, Youdim MB, Riederer P, Connor JR, Crichton RR: Iron, brain ageing and neurodegenerative disorders. Nat Rev Neurosci 2004;5:863–873.

 

Literaturliste zu Jod

Als C, Fruhling J: Thyroid carcinoma: Administration of iodine-131 therapy early in the morning, please! Eur J Nucl Med 2000; 27:613–614.

Als C, Helbling A, Peter K, Haldimann M, Zimmerli B, Gerber H: Urinary iodine concentration follows a circadian rhythm: A study with 3023 spot urine samples in adults and children. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000; 85:1367– 1369.

Backer H, Hollowell J: Use of iodine for water disinfection: Iodine toxicity and maximum recommended dose. Environ Health Perspect 2000; 108:679–684.

Baker DH: Iodine toxicity and its amelioration. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2004; 229:473–478.

Becker DV, Braverman LE, Delange F, et al: Iodine supplementation for pregnancy and lactation-United States and Canada: recommendations of the American Thyroid Association. Thyroid. 2006;16:949-951.

Bleichrodt N, Shrestha RM, West CE, Hautvast JG, van de Vijver FJ, Born MP: The benefits of adequate iodine intake. Nutr Rev. 1996;54:S72-78.

Caldwell KL, Miller GA, Wang RY, Jain RB, Jones RL: Iodine status of the U.S. population, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2004. Thyroid. 2008; 18: 1207-1214.

Cavalieri RR: Iodine metabolism and thyroid physiology: Current concepts. Thyroid 1997; 7:177–181.

Davidsson L. Are vegetarians an ‘at risk group’ for iodine deficiency? Br J Nutr. 1999;81:3-4.

de Benoist B, McLean E, Andersson M, Rogers L. Iodine deficiency in 2007: global progress since 2003. Food Nutr Bull. 2008;29:195-202.

Delange F. Risks and benefits of iodine supplementation. Lancet. 1998;351:923-924.

DeLong GR, Leslie PW, Wang SH, et al. Effect on infant mortality of iodination of irrigation water in a severely iodine-deficient area of China. Lancet. 1997;350:771-773.

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Eskin BA, Grotkowski CE, Connolly CP, Ghent WR. Different tissue responses for iodine and iodide in rat thyroid and mammary glands. Biol Trace Elem Res. 1995;49:9-19.

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Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine. Iodine. Dietary reference intakes for vitamin A, vitamin K, boron, chromium, copper, iodine, iron, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, silicon, vanadium, and zinc. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press; 2001:258-289.

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Großklaus R, Jahreis G: Universelle Salzjodierung für Mensch und Tier. Ernährungsumschau 2004;51:139–143.

Hathcock JN: Trace element and supplement safety. In: Clinical Nutrition of the Essential Trace Elements and Minerals. Ed. Bogden JD, Klevay LM, pp. 99–111. Humana Press, Totowa, New Jersey, 2000

Hendler SS, Rorvik DM, eds. PDR for Nutritional Supplements. 2nd ed. Montvale: Thomson Reuters; 2008.

Hetzel BS, Clugston GA. Iodine. In: Shils M, Olson JA, Shike M, Ross AC, eds. Modern Nutrition in Health and Disease. 9th ed. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins; 1999:253-264.

Hetzel BS. Iodine and neuropsychological development. J Nutr. 2000;130:493S-495S.

Higdon JA, Dunn JT: Iodine. In: Linus Pauling Institute Micronutrient Information Center, 2003

Hollowell JG, Staehling NW, Hannon WH, et al. Iodine nutrition in the United States. Trends and public health implications: iodine excretion data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys I and III (1971-1974 and 1988-1994). J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1998;83:3401-3408.

Houston R: Iodine. Physiology, dietary sources and requirements. In: Encyclopedia of Human Nutrition. Ed. Sadler MJ, Strain JJ, Caballero B, pp. 1138–1146. Academic Press, San Diego-London, 1999

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Kavishe FP: Iodine deficiency disorders. In: Encyclopedia of Human Nutrition. Ed. Sadler MJ, Strain JJ, Caballero B, pp. 1146–1153. Academic Press, San Diego-London, 1999

Kessler JH. The effect of supraphysiologic levels of iodine on patients with cyclic mastalgia. Breast J. 2004;10:328-336.

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Krajcovicova-Kudlackova M, Buckova K, Klimes I, Sebokova E: Iodine deficiency in vegetarians and vegans. Ann Nutr Metab 2003; 47:183–185.

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Levander OA, Whanger PD. Deliberations and evaluations of the approaches, endpoints and paradigms for selenium and iodine dietary recommendations. J Nutr. 1996;126:2427S-2434S.

Lightowler HJ, Davies GJ: Iodine intake and iodine deficiency in vegans as assessed by the duplicate-portion technique and urinary iodine excretion. Br J Nutr 1998; 80:529–535.

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Kursübergreifende Literaturangaben zu Vitaminen und Spurenelementen

Biesalski HK, Biscoff SC, Puchstein C. Ernährungsmedizin. Nach dem neuen Curriculum Ernährungsmedizin der Bundesärztekammer. 4. Auflage. Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart 2010

Bundesinstitut für gesundheitllichen Verbraucherschutz und Veterinärmedizin. Toxikologische und ernährungsphysiologische Aspekte der Verwendung von Mineralstoffen und Vitaminen in Lebensmitteln. Teil I: Mineralstoffe (einschließlich Spurenelemente). Vorschläge für Regelungen und Höchstmengen zum Schutz des Verbrauchers vor Überdosierung beim Verzehr von Nahrungsergänzungsmitteln (NEM) und angereicherten Lebensmitteln. Januar 2002.

Cliniguía. Actualización de diagnóstico y terapéutica. EviScience Publicaciones 2011

Colastra J: Lamberts. Manual de Nutrición Ortomolecular. El manual de consulta imprescindible. SIE Consultants sl 2010

D-A-CH, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Ernährung (DGE), Österreichische Gesellschaft für Ernährung (ÖGE), Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Ernährung (SGE), Schweizerische Vereinigung für Ernährung (SVE): Referenzwerte für die Nährstoffzufuhr. Umschau Braus GmbH, Verlagsgesellschaft, Frankfurt am Main, 2008.

D-A-CH (2000) Deutsche Gesellschaft für Ernährung (DGE), Österreichische Gesellschaft für Ernährung (ÖGE), Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Ernährungsforschung (SGE), Schweizerische Vereinigung für Ernährung (SVE): Referenzwerte für die Nährstoffzufuhr. 1. Auflage, Umschau/Braus Verlag, Frankfurt am Main.

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Ernährung, Österreichische Gesellschaft für Ernährung, Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Ernährungsforschung, Schweizerische Vereinigung für Ernährung: Referenzwerte für die Nährstoffzufuhr. 1. Auflage, 5., korrigierter Nachdruck, Neuer Umschau Buchverlag, Neustadt an der Weinstraße, 2013.

Deutsche Gesellschaft für Ernährung, Österreichische Gesellschaft für Ernährung, Schweizerische Gesellschaft für Ernährungsforschung, Schweizerische Vereinigung für Ernährung: Referenzwerte für die Nährstoffzufuhr. Verfügbar unter: https://www.dge.de/wissenschaft/referenzwerte/ (eingesehen am 07.09.2023)

Dietl H., Ohlenschläger G. (2003) Handbuch der Orthomolekularen Medizin. Karl F. Haug Verlag, Stuttgart

Domke A, Großklaus R, Niemann B, Przyrembel H, Richter K, Schmidt E, Weißenborn A, Wörner B, Ziegenhagen R: Verwendung von Mineralstoffen in Lebensmitteln. Toxikologische und ernährungsphysiologische Aspekte Teil II Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung. Verfügbar unter: http://www.bfr.bund.de/cm/350/verwendung_von_mineralstoffen_in_lebensmitteln_bfr_wissenschaft_4_2004.pdf (eingesehen am 07.09.2023)

Einkaufs-und Ernährungsverhalten in Deutschland TNS-Emnid-Umfrage des Bundesministerium für Ernährung und Landwirtschaft, BMEL, (2014).

Europäische Richtlinie (2008/100/EG) vom 28. Oktober 2008 über die Nährwertkennzeichnung von Lebensmitteln hinsichtlich der empfohlenen Tagesdosen, der Umrechnungsfaktoren für den Energiewert und der Definitionen online verfügbar unter: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=CELEX:32008L0100:DE:HTML (eingesehen am 07.09.2023)

Europäische Empfehlungen: European Micronutrient Recommendations Aligned (EURRECA). Verfügbar unter: http://www.eufic.org/en/collaboration/article/european-micronutrient-recommendations-aligned (eingesehen am 07.09.2023)

Food and Nutrtition Information Center der US Regierung (DRI-Empfehlungen). Verfügbar unter: https://www.nal.usda.gov/fnic/dri-nutrient-reports (eingesehen am 07.09.2023)

Food Standards Agency (2002) Expert Group on Vitamins and Minerals. Review of Molybdenum.

Food Standards Agency (2003) Safe Upper Levels for Vitamins and Minerals. Expert Group on Vitamins and Minerals, May 2003

Gröber U: Orthomolekulare Medizin. Ein Leitfaden für Apotheker und Ärzte. 3. Auflage. Wissenschaftliche Verlagsgesellschaft mbH Stuttgart 2008

Heppe F, Wigand M: Lexikon Diätetische Indikationen. Spezielle Ernährungstherapie und Ernährungsprävention. 4. Auflage. Springer 2002

Hernandez Ramos F: Antienvejecimiento con nutrición ortomolecular. Integral 2007

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