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Literatur und weiterführende Links (Rx 89-91)
Zusatzliteratur Grundlagen Depression
1. Definition und Klassifikation
1.1 International Classification of Diseases. tenth edition (ICD-10),1994: http://www.who.int/classifications/icd/en/
1.2 American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), American Psychiatric Association, Arlington 2013.
2. Epidemiologie
2.1 Jacobi F, Höfler M, Strehle J, et al. Psychische Störungen in der Allgemeinbevölkerung – Studie zur Gesundheit Erwachsener in Deutschland und ihr Zusatzmodul Psychische Gesundheit (DEGS1-MH). Nervenarzt 2014; 85: 77-87.
2.2 Bijl RV, Ravelli A, van Zessen G. Prevalence of psychiatric disorder in the general population: results of The Netherlands Mental Health Survey and Incidence Study (NEMESIS). Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 1998;33:587-95.
2.3 Wittchen HU, Jacobi F, Rehm J et al. The size and burden of mental disorders and other disorders of the brain in Europe 2010. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2011; 21: 655 – 679
2.4 Murray CJ, Vos T, Lozano R, et al. Disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 291 diseases and injuries in 21 regions, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet 2012; 380:2197.
2.5 Solomon DA, Keller MB, Leon AC, et al. Multiple recurrences of major depressive disorder. Am J Psychiatry 2000; 157:229.
2.6 Busch MA, Maske UE, Ryl L, et al. Prävalenz von depressiver Symptomatik und diagnostizierter Depression bei Erwachsenen in Deutschland. Ergebnisse der Studie zur Gesundheit Erwachsener in Deutschland (DEGS1). Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2013; 56:733-9.
2.7 Jacobi Klose F, Wittchen H. Psychische Störungen in der deutschen Allgemeinbevölkerung: Inanspruchnahme von Gesundheitsleistungen und Ausfalltage. Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz 2004; 47: 736-44.
2.8 Härter M, Baumeister H, Bengel J, Psychische Störungen bei Patienten mit einer somatischen Erkrankung aus der medizinischen Rehabilitation, in Psychische Störungen bei körperlichen Erkrankungen, Härter M, Baumeister H, Bengel J, Editors, Springer, Berlin 2007.
2.9 Katon WJ, Lin E, Russo J, Unutzer J. Increased medical costs of a population-based sample of depressed elderly patients. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2003;60:897-903.
2.10 Jacobi F, Höfler M, Strehle J, et al., Psychische Störungen in der Allgemein-bevölkerung – Studie zur Gesundheit Erwachsener in Deutschland und ihr Zusatzmodul Psychische Gesundheit (DEGS1-MH). Der Nervenarzt 2014. 85: 77-87.
2.11 Kessler, R.C., Epidemiology of women and depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 2003. 74(1): p. 5-13.
2.12 Kahn LS, Halbreich U, The Effect of Estrogens on Depression. In: Estrogen effects in psychiatric disorders, Bergemann N, Riecher-Rössler A, Editors. 2005, Springer: Wien 2005.
2.13 Ebmeier KP, Donaghey C, Steele JD. Recent developments and current controversies in depression. Lancet. 2006;14;367:153-67.
3. Physiologie der Impulsübertragung im ZNS
3.1 Kretschmann, Klinische Neuroanatomie und kranielle Bilddiagnostik, Georg Thieme Verlag 2007
3.2 Rohkamm R: Taschenatlas der Neurologie, Georg Thieme Verlag KG 2008
4. Ätiologie und Pathogenese
4.1 Belmaker RH, Agam G. Major depressive disorder. N Engl J Med 2008; 358:55.
4.2 Kendler KS, Gatz M, Gardner CO, Pedersen NL. A Swedish national twin study of lifetime major depression. Am J Psychiatry 2006; 163:109.
4.3 Nestler EJ. Epigenetic mechanisms of depression. JAMA Psychiatry 2014; 71:454.
4.4 Cross-Disorder Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium. Identification of risk loci with shared effects on five major psychiatric disorders: a genome-wide analysis. Lancet 2013; 381:1371.
4.5 Caspi A, Sugden K, Moffitt TE, et al. Influence of life stress on depression: moderation by a polymorphism in the 5-HTT gene. Science 2003; 301:386.
4.6 Sullivan PF, Neale MC, Kendler KS. Genetic epidemiology of major depression: review and meta-analysis. Am J Psychiatry 2000; 157:1552.
4.7 Serretti A, Kato M, De Ronchi D, Kinoshita T. Meta-analysis of serotonin transporter gene promoter polymorphism (5-HTTLPR) association with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor efficacy in depressed patients. Mol Psychiatry 2007; 12:247.
4.8 Green JG, McLaughlin KA, Berglund PA, et al. Childhood adversities and adult psychiatric disorders in the national comorbidity survey replication I: associations with first onset of DSM-IV disorders. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2010; 67:113.
4.9 Heim C, Nemeroff CB. The role of childhood trauma in the neurobiology of mood and anxiety disorders: preclinical and clinical studies. Biol Psychiatry 2001; 49:1023.
4.10 Teo AR, Choi H, Valenstein M. Social relationships and depression: ten-year follow-up from a nationally representative study. PLoS One 2013; 8:e62396.
4.11 Sheline YI, Gado MH, Kraemer HC. Untreated depression and hippocampal volume loss. Am J Psychiatry 2003; 160:1516.
4.12 Rosenthal NE., Sack DA., Gillin JC., et al. Seasonal affective disorder: a description of the syndrome and preliminary findings with light therapy. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1984;41:72–80.
4.13 aan het Rot M, Mathew SJ, Charney DS. Neurobiological mechanisms in major depressive disorder. CMAJ 2009; 180:305.
4.14 Nutt DJ, Baldwin DS, Clayton AH, et al. Consensus statement and research needs: the role of dopamine and norepinephrine in depression and antidepressant treatment. J Clin Psychiatry 2006; 67 Suppl 6:46.
4.15 Gillespie CF, Nemeroff CB. Hypercortisolemia and depression. Psychosom Med 2005; 67 Suppl 1:S26.
4.16 Harris B, Othman S, Davies JA, et al. Association between postpartum thyroid dysfunction and thyroid antibodies and depression. BMJ 1992; 305:152.
4.17 Patten SB, Barbui C. Drug-induced depression: a systematic review to inform clinical practice. Psychother Psychosom 2004; 73:207.
5. Diagnostik
5.1 Gilbody S, Whitty P, Grimshaw J, Thomas R. Educational and organizational interventions to improve the management of depression in primary care: a systematic review. JAMA 2003; 289:3145.
5.2 Henkel V, Mergl R, Kohnen R, et al. Identifying depression in primary care: a comparison of different methods in a prospective cohort study. BMJ 2003; 326:200.
5.3 Löwe B, Spitzer RC, Zipfel S, et al., PHQ-D – Gesundheitsfragebogen für Patienten. Karlsruhe 2001, Pfizer.
5.4 Hautzinger M, Bailer M. Die Allgemeine Depressionsskala. Weinheim 2005, Beltz.
5.5 Whooley MA, Avins AL, Miranda J, Browner WS. Case-finding instruments for depression. Two questions are as good as many. J Gen Intern Med. 1997;12:439-45.
5.6 World Health Organization, The ICD-10 Classification of Mental and Behavioural Disorders: Diagnostic Criteria for Research. 1993, Geneva: WHO.
5.7 Williams JW Jr, Noël PH, Cordes JA, Ramirez G, Pignone M. Is this patient clinically depressed? JAMA. 2002;287:1160-70..
5.8 Beck AT, Beamesderfer A. Assessment of depression: the depression inventory. Mod Probl Pharmacopsychiatry 1974; 7: 151-69.
5.9 Brähler E, Schumacher J, Strauß B. Diagnostische Verfahren in der Psychotherapie. Diagnostik für Klinik und Praxis; 1. 2002, Hogrefe: Göttingen.
5.10 Sheikh JI Yesavage JA, Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS): Recent evidence and development of a shorter version. Clin Gerontol 1986; 5: p. 165-73.
5.11 Härter M, Bermejo I, Niebling W. Praxismanual Depression – Diagnostik und Therapie erfolgreich umsetzen. Köln, Deutscher Ärzteverlag 2007.
6. Unipolare Depression: allgemeine Therapieprinzipien
6.1 National Institute for Health & Clinical Excellence. The Treatment and Management of Depression in Adults (updated edition). National Clinical Practice Guideline 90, 2010. http://www.nice.org.uk/ (Accessed on December 09, 2015).
6.2 Cuijpers P, Sijbrandij M, Koole SL, et al. Adding psychotherapy to antidepressant medication in depression and anxiety disorders: a meta-analysis. World Psychiatry 2014; 13:56.
6.3 Bauer M, Pfennig A, Severus E, et al. World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) guidelines for biological treatment of unipolar depressive disorders, part 1: update 2013 on the acute and continuation treatment of unipolar depressive disorders. World J Biol Psychiatry 2013; 14:334.
6.4 Cleare A, Pariante CM, Young AH, et al. Evidence-based guidelines for treating depressive disorders with antidepressants: A revision of the 2008 British Association for Psychopharmacology guidelines. J Psychopharmacol 2015; 29:459.
7. Psychotherapeutische Verfahren bei Depression
7.1 Cuijpers P, Huibers M, Ebert DD, et al. How much psychotherapy is needed to treat depression? A metaregression analysis. J Affect Disord 2013; 149:1.
7.2 Driessen E, Cuijpers P, Hollon SD, Dekker JJ. Does pretreatment severity moderate the efficacy of psychological treatment of adult outpatient depression? A meta-analysis. J Consult Clin Psychol 2010; 78:668.
7.3 Cuijpers P. Psychotherapies for adult depression: recent developments. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2015;28:24-9.
7.4 Cuijpers P, Geraedts AS, van Oppen P et al. Interpersonal psychotherapy for depression: a meta-analysis. Am J Psychiatr 2011;168:581–92.
7.5 Grawe K, Donati R, Bernauer F: Psychotherapie im Wandel – von der Konfession zur Profession. Hogrefe, Göttingen 1994; 5.unveränderte Auflage 2001
7.6 McCullough JP Treatment for chronic depression using Cognitive Behavioral Analysis System of Psychotherapy (CBASP). J Clin Psychol 2003; 59: 833 846
7.7 Zindel V, Segal J, Mark G, et al. Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Depression. A New Approach to Preventing Relapse. Guilford Pubn, 2001
8. Wirksamkeit der Therapie
8.1 Thase ME. The small specific effects of antidepressants in clinical trials: what do they mean to psychiatrists? Curr Psychiatry Rep 2011; 13:476.
8.2 Posternak MA, Zimmerman M. Therapeutic effect of follow-up assessments on antidepressant and placebo response rates in antidepressant efficacy trials: meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry 2007; 190:287.
8.3 Gibbons RD, Hur K, Brown CH, et al. Benefits from antidepressants: synthesis of 6-week patient-level outcomes from double-blind placebo-controlled randomized trials of fluoxetine and venlafaxine. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2012; 69:572.
8.4 Cuijpers P, van Straten A, van Oppen P, Andersson G. Are psychological and pharmacologic interventions equally effective in the treatment of adult depressive disorders? A meta-analysis of comparative studies. J Clin Psychiatry 2008; 69:1675.
8.5 Cuijpers P, Sijbrandij M, Koole SL, et al. The efficacy of psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy in treating depressive and anxiety disorders: a meta-analysis of direct comparisons. World Psychiatry 2013; 12:137.
8.6 Spielmans GI, Berman MI, Usitalo AN. Psychotherapy versus second-generation antidepressants in the treatment of depression: a meta-analysis. J Nerv Ment Dis 2011; 199:142.
8.7 Parikh SV, Segal ZV, Grigoriadis S, et al. Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) clinical guidelines for the management of major depressive disorder in adults. II. Psychotherapy alone or in combination with antidepressant medication. J Affect Disord 2009; 117 Suppl 1:S15.
8.8 Imel ZE, Malterer MB, McKay KM, Wampold BE. A meta-analysis of psychotherapy and medication in unipolar depression and dysthymia. J Affect Disord 2008; 110:197.
8.9 Thase ME, Greenhouse JB, Frank E, et al. Treatment of major depression with psychotherapy or psychotherapy-pharmacotherapy combinations. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1997; 54:1009.
8.10 Cuijpers P, van Straten A, Hollon SD, Andersson G. The contribution of active medication to combined treatments of psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy for adult depression: a meta-analysis. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2010; 121:415
8.11 Cuijpers P, Sijbrandij M, Koole SL, et al. Adding psychotherapy to antidepressant medication in depression and anxiety disorders: a meta-analysis. World Psychiatry 2014; 13:56.
8.12 Cuijpers P, Reynolds CF 3rd, Donker T, et al. Personalized treatment of adult depression: medication, psychotherapy, or both? A systematic review. Depress Anxiety 2012; 29:855.
8.13 Cuijpers P, Dekker J, Hollon SD, Andersson G. Adding psychotherapy to pharmacotherapy in the treatment of depressive disorders in adults: a meta-analysis. J Clin Psychiatry 2009; 70:1219.
9. Wirkungen und Nebenwirkungen von Antidepressiva
10. 1j. Cytochrom P450-Isoenzyme und genetischer Polymorphismus
10.1 Tsai MH, Lin KM, Hsiao MC, et al. Genetic polymorphisms of cytochrome P450 enzymes influence metabolism of the antidepressant escitalopram and treatment response. Pharmacogenomics. 2010;11:537-546.
10.2 Greiner C. Interaktionslexikon – Teil 3, Thema: Cytochrom-P450-Isoenzyme – Substrate, Induktoren und Inhibitoren. Neurotransmitter. 2009; 12:50-2
10.3 Basic & Clinical Pharmacology, Thirteenth Edition, 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education.
10.4 Stingl J, Brockmöller J, Viviani R. Genetic variability of drug-metabolizing enzymes: the dual impact on psychiatric therapy and regulation of brain function. Mol Psychiatry 2013; 18:273–287
Zusatzliteratur Pharmakologische Therapie
11. Einführung zur pharmakologische Therapie der unipolaren Depression
11.1 National Collaborating Centre for Mental Health (UK). Depression: The Treatment and Management of Depression in Adults (Updated Edition). Leicester (UK): British Psychological Society; 2010.
12. Trizyklische Antidepressiva
12.1 Leucht S, Hierl S, Kissling W, et al. Putting the efficacy of psychiatric and general medicine medication into perspective: review of meta-analyses. Br J Psychiatry 2012; 200:97.
12.2 Arroll B, Elley CR, Fishman T, et al. Antidepressants versus placebo for depression in primary care. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009; :CD007954.
12.3 Thase ME, Trivedi MH, Rush AJ. MAOIs in the contemporary treatment of depression. Neuropsychopharmacology 1995; 12:185.
12.4 Undurraga J, Tondo L, Schalkwijk S, et al. Re-analysis of the earliest controlled trials of imipramine. J Affect Disord 2013; 147:451.
12.5 Leucht C, Huhn M, Leucht S. Amitriptyline versus placebo for major depressive disorder. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012; 12:CD009138.
12.6 DeBattista C. Antidepressant agents. In: Basic and Clinical Pharmacology, 11th ed, Katzung BG, Masters SB, Trevor AJ (Eds), McGraw-Hill Lange, New York 2009
12.7 Thummel KE, et, al. Design and optimization of dosage regimens: pharmacokinetic data (appendix II). In: Goodman & Gilman’s Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, 11th ed, Brunton LL, Lazo JS, Parker KL (Eds), McGraw-Hill, New York 2006.
12.8 Caillé G, Besner JG, Lacasse Y, Vézina M. Pharmacokinetic characteristics of two different formulations of trimipramine determined with a new GLC method. Biopharm Drug Dispos. 1980;1:187-194.
12.9 Adli M, Baethge C, Heinz A, et al. Is dose escalation of antidepressants a rational strategy after a medium-dose treatment has failed? A systematic review. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2005; 255:387
12.10 Labbate LA, Fava M, Rosenbaum JF, et al. Drugs for the treatment of depression. In: Handbook of Psychiatric Drug Therapy, 6th ed, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia 2010. p.54
12.11 Furukawa TA, McGuire H, Barbui C. Meta-analysis of effects and side effects of low dosage tricyclic antidepressants in depression: systematic review. BMJ 2002; 325:991.
12.12 Tricyclic antidepressants—blood level measurements and clinical outcome: an APA Task Force report. Task Force of the Use of Laboratory Tests in Psychiatry. Am J of Psychiatry 1985;142:155-162.
12.13 Anderson IM, Ferrier IN, Baldwin RC, et al. Evidence-based guidelines for treating depressive disorders with antidepressants: a revision of the 2000 British Association for Psychopharmacology guidelines. J Psychopharmacol 2008; 22:343.
12.14 Nelson JC. Tricyclic and tetracyclic drugs. In: The American Psychiatric Publishing Textbook of Psychopharmacology, 4th ed, Schatzberg AF, Nemeroff CB (Eds), American Psychiatric Publishing, Washington DC 2009. p.263
12.15 Rabenda V, Nicolet D, Beaudart C, Bruyère O, Reginster JY. Relationship between use of antidepressants and risk of fractures: a meta-analysis. Osteoporos Int. 2013;24:121-37.
12.16 Arana GW, Rosenbaum JF. Antidepressant drugs. In: Handbook of Psychiatric Drug Therapy 4th ed, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia 2000. p.53.
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12.18 Haddad PM. Antidepressant discontinuation syndromes. Drug Saf. 2001;24:183-97.
12.19 Fava M. Prospective studies of adverse events related to antidepressant discontinuation. J Clin Psychiatry 2006;67:14-21.
12.20 Cano-Munoz JL, Montejo-Iglesias ML, Yanez-Saez RM, et al. Possible Serotonin Syndrome Following the Combined Administration of Clomipramine and Alprazolam. J Clin Psychiatry 1995; 56:122.
12.21 Leucht C, Huhn M, Leucht S. Amitriptyline versus placebo for major depressive disorder. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012. 12(12).
12.22 MacGillivray S, Arroll B, Hatcher S, Ogston S, Reid I, Sullivan F, Williams B, Crombie I. Efficacy and tolerability of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors compared with tricyclic antidepressants in depression treated in primary care: systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ 2003;10;326:1014.
13. Selektive Serotonin-Wiederaufnahmehemmer (SSRI)
13.1 Cipriani A, La Ferla T, Furukawa TA, et al. Sertraline versus other antidepressive agents for depression. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010; :CD006117.
13.2 Barbui C, Furukawa TA, Cipriani A. Effectiveness of paroxetine in the treatment of acute major depression in adults: a systematic re-examination of published and unpublished data from randomized trials. CMAJ 2008; 178:296.
13.3 Cipriani A, Santilli C, Furukawa TA, et al. Escitalopram versus other antidepressive agents for depression. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009:CD006532.
13.4 Girardi P, Pompili M, Innamorati M, et al. Duloxetine in acute major depression: review of comparisons to placebo and standard antidepressants using dissimilar methods. Hum Psychopharmacol 2009; 24:177.
13.5 Cipriani A, Purgato M, Furukawa TA, et al. Citalopram versus other anti-depressive agents for depression. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2012; 7:CD006534.
13.6 Kroenke K, West SL, Swindle R, Gilsenan A, Eckert GJ, Dolor R, Stang P, Zhou XH, Hays R, Weinberger M. Similar effectiveness of paroxetine, fluoxetine, and sertraline in primary care: a randomized trial. JAMA. 2001;286:2947-55.
13.7 Søgaard B, Mengel H, Rao N, et al. The Pharmacokinetics of Escitalopram after Oral and Intravenous Administration of Single and Multiple Doses to Healthy Subjects. J Clin Pharmacol 2005; 45:1400-6.
13.8 Murdoch D, McTavish D: Sertraline. A review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic potential in depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Drugs. 1992;44:604-24.
13.9 Stahl SM. Placebo-controlled comparison of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors citalopram and sertraline. Biol Psychiatry 2000; 48: 894-901.
13.10 Edwards JG, Anderson I. Systematic review and guide to selection of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Drugs. 1999;57:507-33.
13.11 Bech P, Cialdella P, Haugh MC, Birkett MA, Hours A, Boissel JP, Tollefson GD. Meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials of fluoxetine v. placebo and tricyclic antidepressants in the short-term treatment of major depression. Br J Psychiatry. 2000;176:421-8.
13.12 Brambilla P, Cipriani A, Hotopf M, Barbui C. Side-effect profile of fluoxetine in comparison with other SSRIs, tricyclic and newer antidepressants: a meta-analysis of clinical trial data. Pharmacopsychiatry 2005;38:69-77.
13.13 Williams JW Jr, Mulrow CD, Chiquette E, Noël PH, Aguilar C, Cornell J. A systematic review of newer pharmacotherapies for depression in adults: evidence report summary. Ann Intern Med. 2000;132:743-56.
13.14 Dalton SO, Johansen C, Mellemkjaer L, Nørgård B, Sørensen HT, Olsen JH. Use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and risk of upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding: a population-based cohort study. Arch Intern Med. 2003;163:59-64.
13.15 Warner CH, Bobo W, Warner C, et al. Antidepressant discontinuation syndrome. Am Fam Physician 2006; 74:449.
13.16 Tueth MJ, The Serotonin Syndrome in the Emergency Department, Ann Emerg Med, 1993, 22:1369.
13.17 Bernard L, Stern R, Lew D, et al. Serotonin Syndrome After Concomitant Treatment With Linezolid and Citalopram. Clin Infect Dis 2003; 36:1197.
13.18 Sternbach H. The serotonin syndrome. Am J Psychiatry1991;148:705–713
13.19 Tahir N, Serotonin Syndrome as a Consequence of Drug-Resistant Infections: An Interaction Between Linezolid and Citalopram, J Am Med Dir Assoc 2004; 5:111-3.
13.20 Brubacher JF, Lurin MJ, Hirsch S, et al, Serotonin Syndrome From Venlafaxine-Tranylcypromine Interaction. Clin Toxicol 1995; 33:523-4.
13.21 US Food and Drug Administration. FDA Drug Safety Communication: serious CNS reactions possible when methylene blue is given to patients taking certain psychiatric medications. http://www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/ucm263190.htm. Accessed January 31, 2016.
13.22 Dunkley EJ, Isbister GK, Sibbritt D, et al. The Hunter Serotonin Toxicity Criteria: Simple and Accurate Diagnostic Decision Rules for Serotonin Toxicity. QJM 2003; 96:635-42.
13.23 Boyer EW, Shannon M. The Serotonin Syndrome. N Engl J Med, 2005, 352:1112-20.
14. Selektive Serotonin-Noradrenalin Wiederaufnahme-Hemmer
14.1 Gibbons RD, Hur K, Brown CH, et al. Benefits from antidepressants: synthesis of 6-week patient-level outcomes from double-blind placebo-controlled randomized trials of fluoxetine and venlafaxine. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2012; 69:572.
14.2 Ellingrod VL, Perry PJ. Venlafaxine: A Heterocyclic Antidepressant. Am J Hosp Pharm, 1994; 51:3033-46.
14.3 Venlafaxine: A New Dimension in Antidepressant Pharmacotherapy, J Clin Psychiatry. 1993; 54:119-26.
14.4 Castro-Diaz D, Palma PC, Bouchard C, et al; Duloxetine Dose Escalation Study Group. Effect of dose escalation on the tolerability and efficacy of duloxetine in the treatment of women with stress urinary incontinence. Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2007;18:919-929.
14.5 Danjou P, Hackett D. Safety and Tolerance Profile of Venlafaxine. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 1995; 10:15-20.
15. Monoaminooxidase-Hemmer (MAOI)
15.1 Sheehan DV, Claycomb JB, Kouretas N. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors: prescription and patient management. Int J Psychiatry Med. 1980;10:99-121.
15.2 Thase ME, Trivedi MH, Rush AJ. MAOIs in the contemporary treatment of depression. Neuropsychopharmacology 1995; 12:185.
15.3 Ogle NR, Akkerman SR. Guidance for the discontinuation or switching of antidepressant therapies in adults. J Pharm Pract 2013; 26:389.
15.4 Gahr M, Schönfeldt-Lecuona C, Kölle MA, Freudenmann RW. Withdrawal and discontinuation phenomena associated with tranylcypromine: a systematic review. Pharmacopsychiatry 2013; 46:123.
16. Selektive Noradrenalin-Wiederaufnahmehemmer (NARI)
16.1 Montgomery S, Ferguson JM, Schwartz GE. The antidepressant efficacy of reboxetine in patients with severe depression. J Clin Psychopharmacol 23:45–50: 2003.
16.2 Miller DK, Wong EH, Chesnut MD, et al. Reboxetine: functional inhibition of monoamine transporters and nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 302:687–695: 2002
17. Serotonin-Rezeptor-Antagonisten/Agonisten
17.1 Haria M, Fitton A, and McTavish D. Trazodone. A review of its pharmacology, therapeutic use in depression and therapeutic potential in other disorders. Drugs Aging. 1994;4:331-355.
17.2 Bardin ED, Krieger JN. Pharmacological priapism: comparison of trazodone- and papaverine-associated cases. Int Urol Nephrol 2002; 22:147–152.
17.3 Pisani F, Spina E, Oteri G. Antidepressant drugs and seizure susceptibility: from in vitro data to clinical practice. Epilepsia 1999; 40:48–S56.
17.4 Verbeeck RK, Ross SG, and McKenna EA. Excretion of Trazodone in Breast Milk. Br J Clin Pharmacol 1986; 22:367-70.
17.5 Mahableshwarkar AR, Jacobsen PL, Chen Y, et al. A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, duloxetine-referenced study of the efficacy and tolerability of vortioxetine in the acute treatment of adults with generalised anxiety disorder. Int J Clin Pract 2014; 68:49–59.
17.6 Alam MY, Jacobsen PL, Chen Y, et al. Safety, tolerability, and efficacy of vortioxetine (Lu AA21004) in major depressive disorder: results of an open-label, flexible-dose, 52-week extension study. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2014;29:36–44.
18. Atypische Antidepressiva
18.1 Montgomery SA. Major depressive disorders: clinical efficacy and tolerability of agomelatine, a new melatonergic agonist. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2006; 16: 633-8.
18.2 Montgomery SA, Olie JP, Ahokas A, et al. Antidepressant efficacy of agomelatine in MDD: a meta-analysis of three pivotal trials. Presented at the Annual Meeting of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2006
18.3 Kennedy SH, Emsley R. Placebo-controlled trial of agomelatine in the treatment of major depressive disorder. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2006;16:93–100.
18.4 Loo H, Hale A, D’haenen H. Determination of the dose of agomelatine, a melatoninergic agonist and selective 5-HT(2C) antagonist, in the treatment of major depressive disorder: a placebo-controlled dose range study. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2002; 17:239–247.
18.5 Laux G, Verträglichkeitsprofil von Agomelatin. Psychopharmakother 2009; 19: 11-4
18.6 Papakostas GI: Dopaminergic-based pharmacotherapies for depression. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2006; 16:391-402
18.7 Thase ME, Haight BR, Richard N, et al: Remission rates following antidepressant therapy with bupropion or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: a meta-analysis of original data from 7 randomized controlled trials. J Clin Psychiatry 2005; 66: 974-981.
18.8 Turpeinen M, Koivuviita N, Tolonen A, et al. Effect of Renal Impairment on the Pharmacokinetics of Bupropion and its Metabolites. Br J Clin Pharmacol, 2007; 64:165-73.
18.9 Davidson J. Seizures and Bupropion: A Review. J Clin Psychiatry 1989; 50:256-61.
18.10 Davis MF, Miller HS, Nolan PE Jr. Bupropion Levels in Breast Milk for 4 Mother-Infant Pairs: More Answers to Lingering Questions. J Clin Psychiatry 2009; 70:297-8.
18.11 Chaudron LH, Schoenecker CJ. Bupropion and Breastfeeding: A Case of a Possible Infant Seizure. J Clin Psychiatry 2004; 65:881-2.
18.12 Settle EC, Stahl SM, Batey SR, et al: Safety profile of sustained-release bupropion in depression: results of three clinical trials. Clin Ther 1999; 21: pp. 454-463
18.13 Dunner DL, Zisook S, Billow AA, et al: A prospective safety surveillance study for bupropion sustained-release in the treatment of depression. J Clin Psychiatry 1998; 59: pp. 366-373
18.14 Kavoussi RJ, Segraves RT, Hughes AR, et al: Double-blind comparison of bupropion sustained release and sertraline in depressed outpatients. J Clin Psychiatry 1997; 58: 532-537
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19. Antidepressiva mit anderen Wirkmechanismen
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21. Lithium
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22. Klinische Durchführung der Therapie
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23. Therapieresistente Depression
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24. Suizidgefahr
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25. Therapie der Depression bei psychiatrischen Begleiterkrankungen
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26. Therapie der Depression bei nicht-neurologischen Begleiterkrankungen
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28. Depression und chronische Schmerzen
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29. Depression bei besonderen Patienten
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